Which mood disorders are common in North America

The clusters of mood orders which are common include depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety, schizophrenia and eating disorders. Mood disorders are diagnosed when the symptoms fall beyond the normal fluctuations of sadness or happiness. What is not appreciated is that mood disorders have severe consequences on the individual, family and friend and carry a significant morbidity and mortality. Worldwide, mood disorders rank in the 10 causes of major illnesses. At the top of the list is unipolar depression followed by bipolar. 

Are mood disorders common?

Humans have been plagued with mood disorders since time immemorial. One of the first expressions for depression, melancholy, literally implying "black bile" dates back to the ancient days of Hippocrates. Since earliest recorded history, mood disorders occurring outside of the norm have been recognized and charted.

The exact number of people suffering from mood disorders in the USA is not known but the numbers are high. Estimates from mental health clinics reveal that anywhere from 7-18 percent of the population suffers from mood disorders and there are countless others who have not been diagnosed for fear of embarrassment or lack of money to see a health care professional.

Do mood disorders affect everyone?

At some point in time, all individuals will experience a heartbreaking event or unanticipated loss of a loved one, or deep sadness, grief or anguish. Indeed this is just a range of normal behavior and emotions. However, when the symptoms or signs of mood disorders are prolonged and tend to affect the individual or others around, a diagnosis of mood disorder is generally made. The story does get complicated because of overlapping symptoms and today psychiatrists use the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) as a guide. This bible of psychiatry provides diagnostic criteria for the majority of mental disorders. The DSM now in its 5^th edition is widely used by psychiatrists in the US, health care workers, pharmaceutical manufacturers and policy makers all over the world.

How does one treat schizoid personality?

The treatment of schizoid personality is difficult as most individuals are non compliant or have trouble interacting with the therapist. There are no specific medications but some may require anti psychotics to help reverse the flat emotion. Some may benefit from group therapy because it provides social support. Early intervention in childhood may help diminish problematic behaviors in a few individuals but by far, the majority continue to worsen.

What are complications of having schizoid personality?

Individuals with schizoid personality rarely seek professional help and only come to attention after legal or social problems. Schizoid personality suffers are at a great risk for developing drug addiction, depression, anxiety, panic or social phobia. Many of these individuals are naïve, are prone to victimization and often are preyed upon by others. These individuals always underestimate ill intentions of others and are often physically and emotionally hurt.

When does schizoid personality present in life?

The cause of schizoid personality disorder is unknown. Schizoid personality may be seen early in life and peaks around adolescence. Both genders are affected but the disorder is slightly more common in males. The majority of individuals with this personality live a quiet solitary life, living in a family basement and work late night shifts where they do not have to interact with others. One important feature to understand about this personality is that unlike schizophrenics, they do not experience delusions, paranoia or psychotic episodes. These individuals may have a slow speech but usually do not say anything that is bizarre or odd.

What causes schizoid personality?

Like most personality disorders, the cause of schizoid personality is a mystery. Factors that increase risk include child abuse, having emotionally detached parent(s) or childhood neglect. Bad genes and bad luck explain a lot of things in psychiatry.